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Life cycle of one-host ixodid (hard) ticks. The
adult is considered the diagnostic stage, as identification to the
species level is best achieved with adults. Few ixodids of public
health importance follow this pattern; an example is Rhipicephalus
annulatus, which can serve as a vector for
babesiosis.
One-host ixodid ticks remain on the same host for the
larval, nymphal and adult stages, only leaving the host prior to laying
eggs. Vertical transmission of Babesia via transovarial
transmission has been demonstrated for some species of ticks. Gravid females lay eggs in the environment
.
The eggs hatch into six-legged larvae
.
Larvae seek out and attach to the host and after two molts, develop into
adults
-
.
Although humans may serve as incidental hosts for species normally found on
other animals, they usually do not host all three stages. Females drop
from the host to lay eggs
and the cycle repeats.
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